Aerodynamics Part 2: Passive Aerodynamic Safety — Washout, Incidence & Dihedral

A +2.5 degree root incidence angle combined with a -2.5 degree outer wing Geometric Washout was engineered. Root incidence was achieved mechanically via Z-axis height offsets in internal spar channels. During low-speed loitering (13 m/s), this 5 degree differential forces the wing root to stall first, allowing the -2.5 degree outer panels to retain attached airflow and full aileron authority. Polyhedral 6 degree dihedral wings provide natural roll stability, while a 100 degree V-Tail reduces wetted area.